Dongfeng Motors
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Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd. is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
,
Hubei Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The prov ...
. Founded in 1969, it is currently the third largest of the " Big Four" state-owned car manufacturers of China, namely:
SAIC Motor SAIC Motor Corp., Ltd. (formerly Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Anting, Shanghai. Founded in 1955, it is currently the largest of the " Big Four" state-owned car manu ...
,
FAW Group China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automobile Works) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Changchun, Jilin.
, Dongfeng Motor Corporation, and
Changan Automobile Chang'an Automobile Co., Ltd. is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Jiangbei, Chongqing.Venucia Venucia is a car marque of Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Company (Dongfeng Nissan), a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. The marque was launched in September 2010 by Dongfeng Nissan. From February 2017 until the end of 2020, Venucia wa ...
,
Fengdu Fengdu County (; formerly ) is a county located in Chongqing Municipality, People's Republic of China. The county was established as Fengdu County () during the Sui Dynasty. The name was changed to Fengdu County () during the Ming Dynasty. In 1 ...
, Voyah,
Aeolus In Greek mythology, Aeolus or Aiolos (; grc, Αἴολος , ) is a name shared by three mythical characters. These three personages are often difficult to tell apart, and even the ancient mythographers appear to have been perplexed about which A ...
,
Forthing Forthing (Dongfeng Fengxing) is an automobile marque owned by the Chinese automaker Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor, a division of Dongfeng Motor Group. The brand was launched in 2001 using the Fengxing (风行) name, and was later renamed to Forthing as ...
, as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as Dongfeng-Honda, Dongfeng-Nissan and Dongfeng-Peugeot Citroën (all via subsidiary Dongfeng Motor Group). In 2021, foreign-branded cars took 79% of sales. It also produces electric vehicles under some of the previously listed brandings, including dedicated EV brands such as Voyah. In addition to commercial and consumer vehicles, it also manufactures parts and cooperates with foreign companies. Dongfeng has one direct listed subsidiary: Dongfeng Motor Group (DFG); Dongfeng Automobile Co., Ltd. is a listed company owned by DFG's joint venture Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. (DFL). Some sources may refer to the company as Dong Feng, use an acronym like DFM, or use the name in conjunction with others when referring to a subsidiary, joint venture, or other associated enterprises such as "Dongfeng Yueda Kia", for example.


History


Background and founding

During the
Korean war , date = {{Ubl, 25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953 (''de facto'')({{Age in years, months, weeks and days, month1=6, day1=25, year1=1950, month2=7, day2=27, year2=1953), 25 June 1950 – present (''de jure'')({{Age in years, months, weeks a ...
, there was a need for trucks to be used on the battlefield. The Ministry of Machinery planned a factory to build an imitation of the
GAZ-51 The GAZ-51 (nickname ''Gazon'') was a Soviet truck manufactured by GAZ. Its first prototypes were produced before the end of World War II and has been influenced by Studebaker US6. The mass production started in 1946. A 2.5 ton 4×2 standard var ...
truck. This was originally planned to be at
Qingshan District, Wuhan Qingshan District () forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China. On the right bank of the Yangtze, it borders the districts of Wuchang (for a very s ...
, and later revised to
Wuchang District Wuchang forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the rig ...
, also in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
. In 1955, these sites were disregarded as being too vulnerable to air raids, and
Chengdu Chengdu (, ; Simplified Chinese characters, simplified Chinese: 成都; pinyin: ''Chéngdū''; Sichuanese dialects, Sichuanese pronunciation: , Standard Chinese pronunciation: ), Chinese postal romanization, alternatively Romanization of Chi ...
was chosen as the proposed site. The reasoning is also mentioned in a dictate of Chairman
Mao Zedong Mao Zedong pronounced ; also romanised traditionally as Mao Tse-tung. (26 December 1893 – 9 September 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who was the founder of the People's Republic of China (PRC) ...
; as part of his " Third Front" strategy However, due to the poor state of the economy, the plans were shelved. In 1958, Hunan was picked as the site for the proposed truck factory, as the Yangtze basin area of the province didn't have any heavy industry yet. In 1960 preparations started at the site in Shiyan, but were abruptly halted. As the Chinese economy improved, and as a result of the
Sino-Soviet split The Sino-Soviet split was the breaking of political relations between the China, People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union caused by Doctrine, doctrinal divergences that arose from their different interpretations and practical applications ...
, production of military trucks came into the spotlight again, and construction of the Second Automobile Works () was included in the third five-year plan in 1965. The company was officially founded in 1969 at a village of 100 residents, that would later grow to become
Shiyan Shiyan () is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei, China, bordering Henan to the northeast, Chongqing to the southwest, and Shaanxi to the north and west. At the 2020 census, its population was 3,209,004 of whom 1,033,407 lived in the b ...
city. This remote location was chosen as its topography consisted of over 40 shallow valleys, allowing factories to be concealed, while also being on the route of the
Xiangyang–Chongqing railway The Xiangyang–Chongqing railway or Xiangyu railway (襄渝铁路), also known as the Xiangfan-Chongqing railway and Xiangyu line (襄渝线), is a single-track electrified railroad in central China between the cities of Xiangyang, formerly known ...
. Due to its remote countryside location with limited equipment, the company only managed to produce 200 automobiles by 1972.


Mass production (1975-2000)

In 1975, the first EQ240 2.5-ton Dongfeng truck was produced, followed by the EQ140 5-ton model in 1978, which was also the first civilian truck by the company. At its peak the EQ140 held a domestic market share of 66%. In 1986, Dongfeng surpassed 100,000 vehicles produced annually. In 1987, a new 3-ton model was launched. Traditionally manufacturing commercial vehicles, by 2001 these made up about 73% of Dongfeng's production. By 2012, that figure had reversed, and 73% of manufactures were passenger cars. However, the percentage of consumer offerings was likely lower as passenger car counts may include
microvan A microvan is a van or minivan which is within the Japanese kei car classification or similar, and is smaller than a mini MPV. In China, these vehicles are nicknamed ''mian bao che'' ("bread-loaf vehicle") because of their shape.
s, tiny commercial vehicles that are popular in China. Between 1978 and 1985 alongside the market-based
Chinese economic reform The Chinese economic reform or reform and opening-up (), known in the West as the opening of China, is the program of economic reforms termed " Socialism with Chinese characteristics" and "socialist market economy" in the People's Republic of C ...
s instituted by
Deng Xiaoping Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997) was a Chinese revolutionary leader, military commander and statesman who served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China (PRC) from December 1978 to November 1989. After CC ...
, Dongfeng was transformed from a manufacturer of two heavy-duty trucks with fragmented operations and ownership into a single, centrally managed enterprise. This process included placing all Dongfeng operations—from part manufacture to vehicle assembly—under the control of a single business entity and the merger of six truck production bases as well as a number of other companies previously controlled by provincial governments. Post-1985, further reforms took place that allowed Dongfeng greater autonomy; the company was removed from the direct administrative control of the central government. By the mid-1980s, its assets had tripled from those initially given to it by the state in 1981, and management was desirous of even greater production capacity. But in 1995, the company was experiencing financial difficulties as was the case with many Chinese automobile manufacturers at this time. The situation was still dire in 1998 precipitating a 1999
restructuring Restructuring is the corporate management term for the act of reorganizing the legal, ownership, operational, or other structures of a company for the purpose of making it more profitable, or better organized for its present needs. Other reasons ...
of the company. In 1992, the company changed its name to Dongfeng, or "East Wind" in Chinese. This
state owned enterprise A state-owned enterprise (SOE) is a government entity which is established or nationalised by the ''national government'' or ''provincial government'' by an executive order or an act of legislation in order to earn profit for the government ...
has come into conflict with authority at both the national and provincial levels. Alongside
First Automobile Works China FAW Group Corp., Ltd. (First Automobile Works) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Changchun, Jilin.
it saw the successful dismantling of the Automobile Corporation, a central government entity presumably tasked with preventing non-competitive business practices through dictating output volumes and curtailing purchasing as well as exasperation at the right of the State to make managerial appointments. The Chinese partner in many Sino-foreign
joint venture A joint venture (JV) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership, shared returns and risks, and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to acces ...
companies, Dongfeng initiated most of these cooperative efforts with foreign firms in the early 2000s. But its first was established in 1992 with French
PSA Group The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
. Known as Dongfeng Citroën Automobile Company (DCAC), it was the forerunner to the current Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën Automobile Limited (DPCA).


2000 to 2010

By 2003, Dongfeng had established joint ventures with
Kia Motors Kia Corporation, commonly known as Kia (, ; formerly known as Kyungsung Precision Industry and Kia Motors Corporation), is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second lar ...
(
Dongfeng Yueda Kia Dongfeng Yueda Kia Motor Co., Ltd. is an automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Yancheng, China and a joint venture between Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Jiangsu Yueda Group and Kia. History Dongfeng Yueda Kia was founded in 2002. In ...
, 2002), Honda (
Dongfeng Honda Dongfeng Honda Automobile Co., Ltd. is an automobile manufacturing company headquartered in Wuhan, China, and a 50:50 joint-venture between Dongfeng Motor Group and Honda Motor Company. It currently produces a variety of Honda models also ava ...
, 2003), and Nissan ( Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd., 2003). As of 2011, it had more Sino-foreign joint ventures than any other Chinese automaker, and the 2013 creation of a partnership with French Renault means it retains this title today. In 2004, intermediate holding company of the group, Dongfeng Motor Group, became a listed company in the
Hong Kong Stock Exchange The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong (SEHK, also known as Hong Kong Stock Exchange) is a stock exchange based in Hong Kong. As of the end of 2020, it has 2,538 listed companies with a combined market capitalization of HK$47 trillion. It is repor ...
; Dongfeng Yueda Kia remained in the unlisted portion of the group. Dongfeng announced in November 2006 that they intend to sell their vehicles in Japan. In 2009, it sold 1.9 million vehicles ranking second among domestic automakersUPDATE 2-Incentives boost China's SAIC Feb auto sales 45 pct
reuters.com, Mon Mar 8, 2010 10:09pm EST
and third overall.
xinhuanet.com, 2010-02-22 10:27:20


2010 to present

In 2010, the company sold 2.72 million units, making it the second most-productive Chinese vehicle-maker. It reported 1.72 million sales of passenger vehicles that same year. 2011 production figures put the company in second place, in terms of production volume, in its home market; Dongfeng produced 3.06 million vehicles that year. It was the second-largest Chinese automaker in 2012 by production volume, and Dongfeng manufactured over 2.76 million whole vehicles that year with passenger cars comprising 73% of manufacture. The number of cars counted as passenger vehicles may conflate consumer offerings and tiny commercial trucks and vans known as
microvan A microvan is a van or minivan which is within the Japanese kei car classification or similar, and is smaller than a mini MPV. In China, these vehicles are nicknamed ''mian bao che'' ("bread-loaf vehicle") because of their shape.
s, however. Dongfeng established its first research and development facility outside of China in October 2012 when it acquired a 70 percent stake in the Swedish engineering company T Engineering AB. In December 2013, Dongfeng and the French automaker
Renault Groupe Renault ( , , , also known as the Renault Group in English; legally Renault S.A.) is a French multinational automobile manufacturer established in 1899. The company produces a range of cars and vans, and in the past has manufactured ...
agreed to form a 50:50 joint venture, Dongfeng Renault Automotive Co Ltd., to manufacture Renault brand passenger cars for the Chinese market. The two partners agreed to invest an initial 7.76 billion yuan (US$1.27 billion) in the venture, which became Dongfeng's sixth joint venture with a foreign automaker—the most of any Chinese automaker. In February 2014, loss making
PSA Peugeot Citroën The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
, a joint venture partner of Dongfeng since 1992, was recapitalized, with Dongfeng Motor Group taking a 14% stake. In 2017, it was announced that Dongfeng Motor Corporation would be re-incorporated as a
limited company In a limited company, the liability of members or subscribers of the company is limited to what they have invested or guaranteed to the company. Limited companies may be limited by Share (finance), shares or by guarantee. In a company limited by ...
, renaming to , which only differ from its subsidiary Dongfeng Motor Group for the word ) (share). In 2020, Dongfeng dissolved its ventures Dongfeng Renault,
Dongfeng Yulon Dongfeng Yulon Motor Co., Ltd. (Dongfeng Yulon) was an automobile manufacturing company headquartered in Hangzhou, China and a 50:50 joint venture between the mainland Chinese automaker Dongfeng Motor Corporation and the Taiwanese automaker Yulo ...
and withdrawn from
Dongfeng Yueda Kia Dongfeng Yueda Kia Motor Co., Ltd. is an automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Yancheng, China and a joint venture between Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Jiangsu Yueda Group and Kia. History Dongfeng Yueda Kia was founded in 2002. In ...
in 2021. On June 12 2020, the mass-produced version of the Dongfeng Sharing-VAN 1.0 rolled off the production line at its technical center, demonstrating Dongfeng's 5G-enabled autonomous vehicle with level 4 applications.


Marques

Dongfeng sells vehicles under various brand names. Other brands may be associated with products manufactured or assembled by joint-venture companies that see foreign firms cooperate with Dongfeng in order to gain access to the Chinese market.


Voyah

Voyah (岚图) is a sub-brand specializing in designing and developing
electric vehicle An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that uses one or more electric motors for propulsion. It can be powered by a collector system, with electricity from extravehicular sources, or it can be powered autonomously by a battery (sometimes cha ...
s. Voyah is the luxury division of Chinese State-owned automaker Dongfeng Motor Corporation.


Aeolus (Fengshen)

2009 saw the release of an own-brand sedan, the Fengshen S30,Dongfeng offering own-brand sedans
chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-02-08
built with support from
PSA Peugeot Citroën The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
and in the same factories that produce its Peugeot and Citroën-branded products for the Chinese market. The S30 may have been the first instance of Dongfeng selling
private label A private label, also called a private brand or private-label brand, is a brand owned by a company, offered by that company alongside and competing with brands from other businesses. A private-label brand is almost always offered exclusively by th ...
passenger vehicles using its own "Dual Sparrows" logo in combination with its name.


Venucia (under Dongfeng-Nissan)

Dongfeng Venucia Motor Company is a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. established in 2017 and focused on the marketing and production of passenger cars. The Venucia marque, launched in September 2010, was originally owned by Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle, itself another subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd.


Fengdu (under Dongfeng-Nissan)

Launched in 2013, Fengdu () is a sub-brand of Dongfeng Automobile started by producing out of production Nissan CUVs bearing the Dongfeng logo. Older Nissan tooling was set up in China by Zhengzhou-Nissan to produce the second generation Nissan X-Trail rebadged as the Dongfeng Fengdu MX6. Two concepts were unveiled at the brand's launch in 2020, the Voyah i-Land coupe concept and the Voyah i-Free crossover concept that previews the
Voyah Free The Voyah Free is an all-electric and plug-in hybrid, 5-seater full-size crossover SUV manufactured by Voyah (岚图). The Voyah Free was put into production in the third quarter of 2021 for the Chinese market. In late 2022, the Voyah Free (the ...
premium crossover that was introduced in 2021. The design of Voyah vehicles were co-developed with
ItalDesign Italdesign Giugiaro S.p.A. is a design and engineering company and brand based in Moncalieri, Italy, that traces its roots to the 1968 foundation of Studi Italiani Realizzazione Prototipi S.p.A. by Giorgetto Giugiaro and Aldo Mantovani. Best k ...
. Both concept vehicles previews the production cars of Voyah in the following years, and the initial concept and production cars are all built on Dongfeng's Essa electric platform.


Fengxing (under Dongfeng-Nissan)

Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Group, located in the city of Liuzhou, Guangxi, China. Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor was founded in 1954 and entered the field of automobile production in 1969. It manufactures passeng ...
is a
subsidiary A subsidiary, subsidiary company or daughter company is a company owned or controlled by another company, which is called the parent company or holding company. Two or more subsidiaries that either belong to the same parent company or having a s ...
of Dongfeng Motor Group, located in the city of
Liuzhou Liuzhou (; , IPA Pronunciation:) is a prefecture-level city in north-central Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, People's Republic of China. The prefecture's population was 3,758,700 in 2010, including 1,436,599 in the built-up area made of 4 urban ...
, Guangxi, China. Passenger vehicles produced by
Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor Co., Ltd. is a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Group, located in the city of Liuzhou, Guangxi, China. Dongfeng Liuzhou Motor was founded in 1954 and entered the field of automobile production in 1969. It manufactures passenger ...
bears the Dongfeng Fengxing brand and most products are based on older platforms from Mitsubishi and Nissan.


Skio (under Dongfeng-Nissan/Jonway)

Dongfeng Skio is a sub-brand of Dongfeng that focuses on producing electric vehicles. The current lineup are mostly Dongfeng-petrol-car-based electric vehicles. Current products sold under the Skio brand included: * Dongfeng Skio Junfeng *
Dongfeng Skio ER30 The Venucia R30 is a supermini or subcompact five-door hatchback produced by the Chinese auto maker Venucia, a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. Overview The pre-production of the Venucia R30 debuted during the 2014 Beijing Auto Show, a ...
*Dongfeng Skio E11K


Dongfeng EV

Dongfeng EV is a new marque using Dongfeng branding. It currently only has one product, the Dongfeng EX1.


Volt EV

Volt EV is a new marque using Dongfeng branding.


Joint ventures

Dongfeng is the Chinese partner in many joint ventures that make trucks and cars.


Dana

Dongfeng established its joint venture with American parts-maker
Dana Holding Corporation Dana Incorporated is an American supplier of axles, driveshafts, transmissions, and electrodynamic, thermal, sealing, and digital equipment for conventional, Hybrid vehicle, hybrid, and Electric vehicle, electric-powered vehicles. The company's ...
, Dongfeng Dana Axle Co, 2005. As of 2011, Dana and Dongfeng both have 50% ownership of this joint venture.


DFSK Motor

Dongfeng DFSK (Sokon) or in Chinese Dongfeng Xiaokang () is Sino-sino joint venture between Dongfeng and a local company, Chongqing Sokon Industry Group Co Ltd. Brands under the joint venture includes Dongfeng Sokon (DFSK, sometimes known as DF Dongfeng as the official website suggests) light commercial vehicles and Dongfeng Fengguang passenger vehicles. Sokon also has its own electric startup brand based in North America called
SF Motors Seres (formerly called SF Motors, Chongqing Jinkang New Energy Automobile) is an electric vehicle and component manufacturer headquartered in Santa Clara, California. The company, which is a subsidiary of Sokon, Chongqing Sokon Industry Grou ...
.


Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles

File:Dongfeng truck of China Post QY-030 20091021.jpg, A Dongfeng truck File:Dongfeng KM6603PA at China-Lao Border.jpg, A Dongfeng KM6603PA bus File:Dongfeng Hubei 4x2 Fire Engine.jpg, dongfeng Hubei 4x2 fire engine in the Philippines In January 2013, Dongfeng and
Volvo The Volvo Group ( sv, Volvokoncernen; legally Aktiebolaget Volvo, shortened to AB Volvo, stylized as VOLVO) is a Swedish multinational manufacturing corporation headquartered in Gothenburg. While its core activity is the production, distributio ...
agreed to form a China-based medium- and heavy-duty truck manufacturing joint venture, Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles, with 55% ownership by Dongfeng Motor and 45% by Volvo. As part of the transaction, Volvo will pay 5.6 billion yuan (US$900 million) to Dongfeng, which will pay Nissan Motors to replace it with Volvo in an existing commercial vehicle joint venture. It's unclear if the vehicles produced will be sold under the Volvo brand as a smaller, pre-existing Volvo-Dongfeng joint venture markets and assembles products with a "UD" brand and the Dongfeng brand name is traditionally used on commercial vehicles. A Nissan joint venture engine production base in
Shiyan Shiyan () is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei, China, bordering Henan to the northeast, Chongqing to the southwest, and Shaanxi to the north and west. At the 2020 census, its population was 3,209,004 of whom 1,033,407 lived in the b ...
,
Hubei province Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The prov ...
, was producing diesel engines c. 2010,"Nissan's China Business"
Nissan Official Site, May 2009
and it is possible this location was one asset of the former Nissan joint venture Dongfeng bought out as part of the Volvo deal. The company uses the Dongfeng Trucks brand.


Dongfeng Honda

Based in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
, Hubei province, Dongfeng Honda Automobile Company was established in 2003Dongfeng Honda Automobile Co., Ltd.
Honda Official Site
and manufactures Honda-branded
SUV A sport utility vehicle (SUV) is a car classification that combines elements of road-going passenger cars with features from off-road vehicles, such as raised ground clearance and four-wheel drive. There is no commonly agreed-upon definiti ...
s and automobiles for the Chinese market. Products produced by this joint venture with Honda''Honda takes Civic to China.'' By: Webb, Alysha. Automotive News, 3/27/2006, Vol. 80, Issue 6195 include the
Honda Civic The is a series of automobiles manufactured by Honda since 1972. Since 2000, the Civic has been categorized as a compact car, while previously it occupied the subcompact class. , the Civic is positioned between the Honda Fit/City and Honda Acc ...
, the
CR-V The Honda CR-V (also sold as the Honda Breeze in China since 2019) is a compact crossover SUV manufactured by the Japanese automaker Honda since 1995. The early model was built using the same platform as the Civic. Honda began producing the CR ...
, and the Spirior. As of early 2011, some offerings may incorporate Japanese-made parts. In 2010, its model line included what was China's best-selling SUV that year, the CR-V.Top 10 Best-Selling Sedans and SUVs in 2010
chinaautoweb.com, January 14, 2011
Other Honda-branded models sold in China are made by
Guangqi Honda Automobile Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd., also called GAC-Honda, is a Chinese automobile manufacturing joint venture company based in Guangzhou, Guangdong province. Co-owned by Honda and GAC Group (''Guangqi''), Guangqi Honda operates two plants that, ...
, but a 2004 agreement allowed Dongfeng-built CR-Vs to be sold through Guangqi's
showroom A plumbing fixture showroom, Canada, 1921 A showroom, also referred to as a gallery, is a large space used to display products, entertainment or visual arts. Marketing location A showroom is a large space used to display products for sale, suc ...
s. A China-only product line debuted in 2016 with the Gienia, a mid-size hatchback. Primary production may be at its two
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
, Hubei, production sites,Honda to build 168 mln USD new plant in China
xinhuanet.com, 2010-01-21 00:11:20
one of which became operational c. 2012. Another plant produces engines for this joint venture in
Guangzhou Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kon ...
.


Dongfeng Nissan

Nissan , trade name, trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells ...
and Dongfeng have a long-standing relationship. Early on, the Chinese company produced diesel-powered Nissan trucks built from complete
knock-down kit A knock-down kit (also knockdown kit, knocked-down kit, or simply knockdown or KD) is a collection of parts required to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, then exported to another country or region ...
s, and Nissan lent Dongfeng technical assistance. When the Chinese State began allowing foreign automakers market access through joint ventures, Nissan remained with Dongfeng. As an example of the extensive and comprehensive nature of Nissan's technical assistance to the Chinese company, in 2011 nearly 70% of products Dongfeng manufactured were connected in some way to Nissan.


Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. (Dongfeng Nissan)

Established in 2002, Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd (DFL) began operating in July 2003. Nissan holds 50% ownership in this maker of heavy trucks, light commercial vehicles, and passenger cars. Heavy-duty trucks and buses exclusively carry the Dongfeng brand name, light-duty trucks use both the Nissan and Dongfeng names, and consumer offerings are Nissan products. While the great majority of passenger cars retain the Nissan name, a small number sell under the brand name
Venucia Venucia is a car marque of Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Company (Dongfeng Nissan), a subsidiary of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. The marque was launched in September 2010 by Dongfeng Nissan. From February 2017 until the end of 2020, Venucia wa ...
which is Dongfeng–Nissan's brand which offers cheaper products targeted at less-affluent inland city consumers. Venucia (''Qi Chen'') launched its first models in 2012. The name is derived from that of the Roman goddess of beauty,
Venus Venus is the second planet from the Sun. It is sometimes called Earth's "sister" or "twin" planet as it is almost as large and has a similar composition. As an interior planet to Earth, Venus (like Mercury) appears in Earth's sky never fa ...
. A few of its Dongfeng-branded light commercial vehicles have been exported to Afghanistan, Pakistan, Africa, and the Middle East. Infiniti-branded vehicles are most probably imported as of 2006, but 2013 news stories suggested that some production would be moved to China in the future. Manufacture of the brand in China may have begun with the Q50L being produced at a site in
Xiangyang Xiangyang is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei province, China and the second largest city in Hubei by population. It was known as Xiangfan from 1950 to 2010. The Han River runs through Xiangyang's centre and divides the city no ...
sometime after 2014.


Other Nissan joint ventures

Other joint ventures include Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Co, a unit of Dongfeng Motor CompanyDONGFENG NISSAN RELEASES NEW TEANA IN CHINA
Nissan Official Site, Apr 20, 2006
that makes automobiles for the domestic market and has exported to
Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...
. Another unit of Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou Nissan Automobile Co, manufactures light commercial vehicles. Most Zhengzhou products are sold under the Dongfeng brand, such as the Dongfeng Rich (''Rui Qi''), a reworked Nissan D22.


Nissan joint venture sites

A passenger-car production base and technical center in
Guangzhou Guangzhou (, ; ; or ; ), also known as Canton () and alternatively romanized as Kwongchow or Kwangchow, is the capital and largest city of Guangdong province in southern China. Located on the Pearl River about north-northwest of Hong Kon ...
,
Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...
, are part of both the Nissan joint venture Dongfeng Motor Co and a unit of that joint venture, Dongfeng Nissan Passenger Vehicle Co. Another Guangzhou production base manufactures Nissan engines. As of 2009, a Nissan joint venture engine production base in
Shiyan Shiyan () is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei, China, bordering Henan to the northeast, Chongqing to the southwest, and Shaanxi to the north and west. At the 2020 census, its population was 3,209,004 of whom 1,033,407 lived in the b ...
, Hubei province, produced diesel engines and other sites, auto parts. It is possible this location has been shuttered and the tooling moved as Dongfeng bought out Nissan's stake in a joint venture company, Dongfeng Nissan Diesel Motor Co Ltd, as part of a deal to initiate a new joint venture with Volvo. In the Huadu District of Guangzhou, a production base was under construction in late 2010. Planned to have a 240,000 units/year production capacity, these may be engines not vehicles. It could be the large-scale vehicle production base under construction in 2010 that would expand Dongfeng-Nissan local production capacity in this area to 600,000 units/year. A joint venture with Nissan has a production base, Zhengzhou Light Truck plant, in
Zhengzhou Zhengzhou (; ), also spelt Zheng Zhou and alternatively romanized as Chengchow, is the capital and largest city of Henan Province in the central part of the People's Republic of China. Located in north-central Henan, it is one of the National ...
,
Henan Henan (; or ; ; alternatively Honan) is a landlocked province of China, in the central part of the country. Henan is often referred to as Zhongyuan or Zhongzhou (), which literally means "central plain" or "midland", although the name is al ...
. In 2010, this was joined by a second, increasing production capacity by 120,000 units/year. Production capacity figures may consider engines and vehicles as discrete. A handful of Nissan joint venture production bases are located in
Xiangfan Xiangyang is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei province, China and the second largest city in Hubei by population. It was known as Xiangfan from 1950 to 2010. The Han River runs through Xiangyang's centre and divides the city no ...
, Hubei, making light commercial vehicles and cars.


Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën

Dong Feng Peugeot Citroën Automobile Company is a joint venture with PSA Peugeot-Citroën set up in 1992 and based in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
, capital of Hubei province.China Division: PSA Peugeot Citroën in China; NEWS KIT
PSA Peugeot Citroën Official Site, April 2010
Currently selling a range of Peugeot and Citroën models, its first offering was a hatchback built from semi-complete
knock-down kit A knock-down kit (also knockdown kit, knocked-down kit, or simply knockdown or KD) is a collection of parts required to assemble a product. The parts are typically manufactured in one country or region, then exported to another country or region ...
s, the ZX Fukang. Its first Peugeot-branded product was introduced in 2004.China Division: PSA Peugeot Citroën in China
, p. 4
Some of the engines made by this joint venture are used in other Dongfeng passenger car products, the Fengshen S30 and H30, for example.
chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-06-28
As of 2010, the
PSA Peugeot Citroën The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
joint venture had two production bases in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
, and a third base for this joint venture was in the planning stages around 2010.Peugeot sees China driving its brand
chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-29
Xiangfan Xiangyang is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei province, China and the second largest city in Hubei by population. It was known as Xiangfan from 1950 to 2010. The Han River runs through Xiangyang's centre and divides the city no ...
serves as location for a powertrain production base for the joint venture with
PSA Peugeot Citroën The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
as of 2010. An R&D center in
Shanghai Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
, the China Tech Center, is wholly owned by
PSA Peugeot Citroën The PSA Group (), legally known as Peugeot S.A. (Peugeot Société Anonyme, trading as Groupe PSA; formerly known as PSA Peugeot Citroën from 1991 to 2016) was a French multinational automotive manufacturing company which produced automobiles ...
but lends assistance to the joint venture with this French automaker.


Dongfeng Renault

Created in late 2013, Dongfeng Renault Automotive Co Ltd planned to produce 150,000 whole vehicles per year at an as-yet-unbuilt production base in China. This facility may become operational as early as 2016. In August 2020, the Dongfeng Renault venture was officially dissolved and Renault transferred its stake to Dongfeng.


Dongfeng Yueda Kia

A joint venture with the Korean
Kia Motors Kia Corporation, commonly known as Kia (, ; formerly known as Kyungsung Precision Industry and Kia Motors Corporation), is a South Korean multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Seoul, South Korea. It is South Korea's second lar ...
, Dongfeng Yueda Kia Automobile Co is based in
Yancheng Yancheng () is a prefecture-level city in northeastern Jiangsu province of China, province, People's Republic of China. As the city with the largest jurisdictional area in Jiangsu, Yancheng borders Lianyungang to the north, Huai'an to the west, ...
,
Jiangsu province Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its ca ...
, and produces Kia-branded automobiles for the Chinese market.Dongfeng Motor Corp. By: Treece, James B. Automotive News, 5/14/2007 Supplement, Vol. 81 As of 2007, it has two production bases–the newer located in the Yancheng Economic Development Zone of
Jiangsu province Jiangsu (; ; pinyin: Jiāngsū, alternatively romanized as Kiangsu or Chiangsu) is an eastern coastal province of the People's Republic of China. It is one of the leading provinces in finance, education, technology, and tourism, with its ca ...
. Kia may have initially partnered with Jiangsu Yueda Auto Works–not Dongfeng–in an effort that produced the
Kia Pride The Kia Pride is a subcompact car sold by the South Korean automobile manufacturer Kia Motors between March 1987 and January 2000, and again since September 2011. Between April 2005 and September 2011 the Kia New Pride had been sold. Original mode ...
c. 1997. Dongfeng soon stepped in, however, forming Yueda Kia Motors in 1999 and buying out Jiangsu Yueda's ownership in March 2002. Prior to this and as of 2007, Kia had a 50% share while Dongfeng and Jiangsu Yueda Investment Co Ltd () each held 25% ownership.''Dongfeng Yueda Kia Says 2nd Factory to Start Production Soon''. SinoCast China Business Daily News. London (UK): Aug 6, 2007. In 2010, the Sportage was the 8th most-purchased SUV in China. The company was reported as having two production bases in China that year. As of 2017, Korean automakers in China continued to flog a product mix highly reliant on less-favored sedans and were seeing flagging sales amid rising political tensions between China and the Korea peninsula. Dongfeng exited the venture in 2021.


Dongfeng Yulon

An equally owned joint venture with Taiwanese automaker
Yulon Yulon Motor Co., Ltd. () is a Taiwanese automaker and importer. Taiwan's biggest automaker as of 2010, Yulon is known for building Nissan models under license. The original romanization of the company's name is Yue Loong, but in 1992 the company ...
, Dongfeng YulonCross-Straits partnership links Dongfeng and Yulon
chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-12-20
Dongfeng-Luxgen formally announce JV partnership
chinacartimes.com, December 14, 2010
(or Dongfeng Yulong), was set up in 2009Prospect of Chinese sales drives Yulon Motor shares up
taipeitimes.com, Tue, Sep 07, 2010
and will manufacture Yulon's
Luxgen Luxgen Motor Co., Ltd. is a Taiwanese automotive manufacturer headquartered in Miaoli County, Taiwan, and a wholly owned subsidiary of Yulon Motor. Luxgen was founded in 2009, and the company's motto is "Think Ahead." From 2010 to 2020, Lux ...
models in China. Dongfeng Yulon began production of its first model, the Luxgen 7 SUV, on 28 July 2011. The venture was liquidated in 2020.


Dongvo (Hangzhou) Truck Company

Reflecting its past foreign partner, Dongvo Truck Co was formerly named Dongfeng Nissan-Diesel Company. Currently, it is a joint venture between
Volvo The Volvo Group ( sv, Volvokoncernen; legally Aktiebolaget Volvo, shortened to AB Volvo, stylized as VOLVO) is a Swedish multinational manufacturing corporation headquartered in Gothenburg. While its core activity is the production, distributio ...
's
UD Trucks UD Trucks Corporation (UDトラックス株式会社, ''UD Torakkusu Kabushikigaisha'') is a Japanese company whose principal business is the manufacturing and sales of diesel trucks, buses, bus chassis and special-purpose vehicles. Its headquarte ...
and Dongfeng established in 1996. Its manufacturing site is located in Hangzhou producing UD branded commercial vehicles and buses. Volvo's first joint venture company with Dongfeng, Dongvo Truck Co was the precursor to a larger scale cooperation, Dongfeng Commercial Vehicles, but may continue to exist independently of this newer legal entity.


Chufeng

Chufeng (also called CHTC) was founded in 1957 as a joint venue located in
Hubei Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The prov ...
.They manufacture private use vehicles, including
cement mixer A concrete mixer (often colloquially called a cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate such as sand or gravel, and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For ...
s,
dump truck A dump truck, known also as a dumping truck, dump trailer, dumper trailer, dump lorry or dumper lorry or a dumper for short, is used for transporting materials (such as dirt, gravel, or demolition waste) for construction as well as coal. A typi ...
s,
oil tanker An oil tanker, also known as a petroleum tanker, is a ship designed for the bulk transport of oil or its products. There are two basic types of oil tankers: crude tankers and product tankers. Crude tankers move large quantities of unrefined crud ...
s, crane trucks,
school bus A school bus is any type of bus owned, leased, contracted to, or operated by a school or school district. It is regularly used to transport students to and from school or school-related activities, but not including a charter bus or transit bus ...
es,
garbage truck A garbage truck is a truck specially designed to collect municipal solid waste and transport it to a solid waste treatment facility, such as a landfill, recycling center or transfer station. In Australia they are commonly called rubbish truck ...
s,
street sweeper A street sweeper or street cleaner may refer to a person's occupation or to a machine that cleans streets. Street sweepers have been employed in cities as "sanitation workers" since sanitation and waste removal became a priority. A stre ...
s, construction vehicles,
cargo van A van is a type of road vehicle used for transporting goods or people. Depending on the type of van, it can be bigger or smaller than a pickup truck and SUV, and bigger than a common car. There is some varying in the scope of the word across ...
s,
box truck A box truck—also known as a box van, cube van, bob truck or cube truck—is a chassis cab truck with an enclosed cuboid-shaped cargo area. On most box trucks, the cabin is separate to the cargo area; however some box trucks have a door between ...
s,
semi trucks A semi-trailer truck, also known as a semitruck, (or semi, eighteen-wheeler, big rig, tractor-trailer or, by synecdoche, a semitrailer) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer ...
,
fire truck A fire engine (also known in some places as a fire truck or fire lorry) is a road vehicle (usually a truck) that functions as a firefighting apparatus. The primary purposes of a fire engine include transporting firefighters and water to an i ...
s, and
livestock transportation Livestock transportation is the movement of livestock, by road, rail, ship, or air. Livestock are transported for many reasons, including slaughter, auction, breeding, livestock shows, rodeos, fairs, and grazing. When the movement crosses ...
vehicles.


Production bases and facilities

Originating from
Hubei province Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The prov ...
, Dongfeng now has sites throughout China.


Dongfeng sites

Its primary production base for passenger vehicle manufacture is in
Wuhan Wuhan (, ; ; ) is the capital of Hubei, Hubei Province in the China, People's Republic of China. It is the largest city in Hubei and the most populous city in Central China, with a population of over eleven million, the List of cities in China ...
, capital of
Hubei province Hubei (; ; alternately Hupeh) is a landlocked province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the Central China region. The name of the province means "north of the lake", referring to its position north of Dongting Lake. The prov ...
, with secondary sites in the city of
Wenzhou Wenzhou (pronounced ; Wenzhounese: Yuziou y33–11 tɕiɤu33–32 ), historically known as Wenchow is a prefecture-level city in southeastern Zhejiang province in the People's Republic of China. Wenzhou is located at the extreme south east o ...
,
Zhejiang province Zhejiang ( or , ; , also romanized as Chekiang) is an eastern, coastal province of the People's Republic of China. Its capital and largest city is Hangzhou, and other notable cities include Ningbo and Wenzhou. Zhejiang is bordered by Jiangs ...
. Some commercial vehicles are most likely made in the city of
Shiyan Shiyan () is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Hubei, China, bordering Henan to the northeast, Chongqing to the southwest, and Shaanxi to the north and west. At the 2020 census, its population was 3,209,004 of whom 1,033,407 lived in the b ...
, Hubei province, as it is the home to a Dongfeng commercial vehicle division.


Overseas activities

Dongfeng sells products overseas through various legal arrangements that see mostly light commercial vehicles sold under its own brand name in a variety of formats and specifications. Foreign countries where Dongfeng has or had a presence include:
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
,
Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
,
Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...
,
Myanmar Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John C. Wells, Joh ...
,
Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...
,
Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...
,
Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
,China, ASEAN in creation of win-win situation
chinadaily.com.cn, 2010-10-29
and the
United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotland, Wales and North ...
, et al. Dongfeng has a joint venture for assembly of commercial trucks with Pakistan's
Ghandhara Nissan Ghandhara Nissan Limited () is a Pakistani automobile manufacturer based in Karachi, Pakistan established in 1981.
, whereas it assembles DFSK light commercial vehicles in Pakistan as a joint venture with Regal automobile industries limited


Sales


Brand efforts and sponsorships

Dongfeng sponsored the Chinese entry for the
2014–2015 Volvo Ocean Race, a round-the-world sailing race. Dongfeng also sponsored the winning entry in the 2017–18 Volvo Ocean Race.


Controversies

Some Dongfeng heavy duty trucks are sold as military vehicles, and limited exports under the name Dongfeng Aeolus have occurred. Dongfeng has, at times, exported military spec vehicles to conflict-ridden nations and places including 400 to Myanmar in 2005 and 200 into Darfur,
Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...
, that same year. This precipitated the
Government Pension Fund of Norway The Government Pension Fund of Norway ( no, Statens pensjonsfond) comprises two entirely separate sovereign wealth funds owned by the government of Norway. The Government Pension Fund Global, also known as the Oil Fund, was established in 1990 t ...
abstaining from investment in Dongfeng Motor Group for a seven-year period between 2007 and 2014.


See also

*


References


External links

* {{Automotive industry Electric vehicle manufacturers of China Bus manufacturers of China Truck manufacturers of China Vehicle manufacturing companies established in 1969 Government-owned companies of China Chinese brands Car brands